home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Space & Astronomy
/
Space and Astronomy (October 1993).iso
/
mac
/
TEXT
/
SPACEDIG
/
V15_0
/
V15NO078.TXT
< prev
next >
Wrap
Internet Message Format
|
1993-07-13
|
9KB
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 92 05:07:07
From: Space Digest maintainer <digests@isu.isunet.edu>
Reply-To: Space-request@isu.isunet.edu
Subject: Space Digest V15 #078
To: Space Digest Readers
Precedence: bulk
Space Digest Thu, 6 Aug 92 Volume 15 : Issue 078
Today's Topics:
Meteor Soaks Datona FL
NASA Tools
Whats wrong with this CIRCUIT (was: Tethered Satellites) (2 msgs)
Welcome to the Space Digest!! Please send your messages to
"space@isu.isunet.edu", and (un)subscription requests of the form
"Subscribe Space <your name>" to one of these addresses: listserv@uga
(BITNET), rice::boyle (SPAN/NSInet), utadnx::utspan::rice::boyle
(THENET), or space-REQUEST@isu.isunet.edu (Internet).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 6 Aug 92 01:20:43 GMT
From: "James T. Green" <jgreen@zeus.calpoly.edu>
Subject: Meteor Soaks Datona FL
Newsgroups: sci.space
In response to those who've asked for references:
All I know is that KSBY-tv Channel 6 in San Luis Obispo reported
it as their closing story that afternoon. They didn't cite
any references, but I suppose they didn't make it up. The announcer
did say that it had been thought to have been a landslide, but
someone had determined it was a 1-meter meteor. If anyone
hears any more on this, please post it. I suppose if it was
thought to be a meteor, it'll show up somewhere else in the media.
Perhaps someone in the Datona FL area might have heard it in their
local media?
Take if for what it's worth... :-)
/~~~(-: James T. Green :-)~~~~(-: jgreen@eros.calpoly.edu :-)~~~\
| |
| M y K a r m a r a n o v e r m y D o g m a ! |
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1992 01:39:22 GMT
From: Edmund Hack <arabia!hack>
Subject: NASA Tools
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <9208051253.AA16702@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov> roberts@CMR.NCSL.NIST.GOV (John Roberts) writes:
>
>-From: Bruce_Dunn@mindlink.bc.ca (Bruce Dunn)
[munch]>
>The Shuttle has all sorts of nifty tools stowed away, that they never take out
>unless they really need them. I don't know if they have a sledgehammer, but
>I'm sure they have a hammer of some kind. To the above tools, add pliers,
>a couple of screwdrivers, an adjustable wrench, and some grey tape (duct tape),
Actually, they have Gaffer's tape and not duct tape. Gaffer's tape is
used in film production (hence its name) since it has the desireable
quality of not leaving any adhesive residue behing when you remove it.
It has the undesireable quality of costing a _lot_ more. (about $25 US
in single rolls). My brother uses it by the yard when putting a light on
the wall on location shoots. It is very nice stuff....
From a sign in my cubicle: "Duct Tape is The Force. It has a dark side
and a light side, and it holds the universe together."
--
| Edmund Hack - Lockheed Engineering & Sciences Co. - Houston, TX
| hack@aio.jsc.nasa.gov SpokesPersonp(Me,or(NASA,LESC)) = NIL
| **** Papoon for President! You Know He's Not Insane!! ****
------------------------------
Date: 6 Aug 92 00:34:32 GMT
From: "John W. Cobb" <johncobb@ut-emx.cc.utexas.edu>
Subject: Whats wrong with this CIRCUIT (was: Tethered Satellites)
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.physics
In article <l80obnINN1pv@pollux.usc.edu>, srobiner@pollux.usc.edu
(Steven Robiner) writes:
[PRevious poster]
|>>|>Excuse me, but isn't something missing from this "Tethered Satellite"
|>>|>experiment? The shuttle is at one end, and the satellite is at the
|>>|>other, right? But that's an open circuit, so where's the load
|>>|>joining the ends of this 'generator.'?
|>>|>
|>
[COBB]
|> [... stuff deleted ]
|>>of electrons, it will shed them when its potential compared to the
|>>local plasma is higher than the work function for the shuttle surfaces.
|>>So now you have the "infused" electrons into the flux tube that contains
|>>the shuttle. Eventually normal plasma-plasma and plasma-neutral interactions
|>>will allow the electron to move back to its original flux tube. This however
|>>may take some time. So the circuit is really completed in the same sense
|>>that grounded circuits are completed, except here we don't have a
good ground
|>
[Robiner]
|>But in space, the plasma is not a great conductor,
This is true when compared to completely ionized plasmas, but it is still
a helluva lot better than styrofoam, or even water. Imagin what the resistivity
is between two points located a few miles apart in water. It's not as large
as you might expect because the current can take so many different paths. The
real inhibitor is the magnetic field. It traps the particles in that it
doesn't allow motion perpendicular to the field.
|> and in fact, moving electrons
|>should be repelled from moving against the magnetic field in a direction
|>opposite from the induced current in the tether, right.
No. electrons have trouble moving against an ELECTRIC field. charged
particles spiral around magnetic fields until they drift away either
collisionally or otherwise.
Remember the geomtry. The shuttle's (and tether's) velocity is perpendicular
to the magnetic field. The induced electric field is perpendicular to both.
The current in the tether may be produced 1 of 2 ways (I'm not sure
which it is. Either 1) It is a VXB effect. The tether is moving through
space at a velocity V. In the frame of the copper string, the electric
field is zero. transforming to the lab frame, you find an electric
field across the leads. or 2) There exists a static potential drop
across the flux tubes at the different altitudes. This potential
drop is maintained by the flux of solar wind particles that fall
into the polar regions and get mirror trapped in the magnetosphere.
If the case is 1) then the EMF is caused by the motion, so after the
tether passes, the electrons that are now higher do not see any
static electric field preventing them from diffusing back to their
original altitude. All they have to do is figure out how to move
perpendicular to the magnetic field. This can occur from particle
drifts or from diffusion.
If the case is 2) then the electrons stay in the higher orbit. That is
you are really tapping an energy source, the electrostatic energy stored
in the magento-sphere. This is the ionospheric "Free lunch" principle
equivalent to getting energy from thermal gradients in geothermal or
OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) schemes. Except here you substitute
Electrostatic potential for Temperature.
|> I mean, just because
|>the electrons aren't in a wire shouldn't mean that they aren't affected
|>
|>So how will the current manage to travel back up to the satellite?
|>
When I used to work with an experimentalist I asked him about a similar
question. The problem had to do with fusion machines where high energy
ion beams are injected into the vacuum vessel. I asked where do the
neutralizing electrons come from. His answer was that in general electrons
are so light and so loosely bound to metals that it was always easy to
draw them off of the surface without any real thought. In fact sometimes
it is too easy. That is why you can have problems with arcing and breakdown.
So the electrons will just stream off of the shuttle rather easily.
Now here's an interesting thought though. What about the effects of tether
power supplies during docking exercise. You need to match up your
potentials rather accurately or you will get NASA version of the
"wool socks on the carpet" treatment
john w. cobb
jwc@fusion.ph.utexas.edu
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 6 Aug 1992 03:25:01 GMT
From: Henry Spencer <henry@zoo.toronto.edu>
Subject: Whats wrong with this CIRCUIT (was: Tethered Satellites)
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <77226@ut-emx.uucp> johncobb@ut-emx.cc.utexas.edu (John W. Cobb) writes:
>... His answer was that in general electrons
>are so light and so loosely bound to metals that it was always easy to
>draw them off of the surface without any real thought...
>So the electrons will just stream off of the shuttle rather easily.
Except that the shuttle orbiter doesn't actually have very much exposed
metal! This is why the TSS payload includes a set of electron guns that
stay with the shuttle. Bear in mind, too, that this whole setup is
strictly experimental, not optimized for any substantial power production.
--
There is nothing wrong with making | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
mistakes, but... make *new* ones. -D.Sim| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
------------------------------
End of Space Digest Volume 15 : Issue 078
------------------------------